Viral infections linked to higher heart attack, stroke risks

Influenza and COVID infections may increase the risk of heart attack or stroke by 3-5 times in the weeks following infection.

Why it matters

  • Viral infections like influenza and COVID significantly increase short-term cardiovascular risks.
  • Chronic infections can lead to long-term cardiovascular risks.
  • Understanding these links can inform public health strategies, including vaccination.

By the numbers

  • Influenza increases heart attack risk by 4x and stroke risk by 5x in the month following infection.
  • COVID increases heart attack and stroke risk by 3x in the 14 weeks following infection, with risks remaining elevated for a year.
  • Chronic infections like HIV increase heart attack risk by 60% and stroke risk by 45%.

The big picture

  • The immune system's response to viral infections, including inflammation and blood clotting, can stress the heart and blood vessels.
  • Increased vaccination rates could reduce the overall rate of heart attacks and strokes.
  • More research is needed to understand the links between other viruses and cardiovascular risks.

What they're saying

  • Comments emphasize the lasting effects of infections on cardiovascular health.
  • Experts highlight the role of inflammation in increasing cardiovascular risks.

Caveats

  • The analysis was based on observational studies, not randomized controlled trials.
  • More research is needed for other viruses.
  • The study did not identify high-risk groups like transplant recipients.

What’s next

  • Further studies to understand the links between other viruses and cardiovascular risks.
  • Potential for increased vaccination rates to reduce cardiovascular risks.